Fatty acid analysis can be obtained by ordinary steps of membrane lipid isolation and extraction, derivatization to methyl esters (FAME) and characterization by gas chromatography. The homeostatic nature of these interactions, that govern the biophysical properties of membranes, connects the choice of membrane components with biochemical pathways, and this signaling network is not well understood. Membrane lipidomics evaluates the composition of phospholipids and in particular follows up their dynamical changes under diverse metabolic conditions, focusing on the type and quantity of fatty acid residues, which crucially regulate membrane structure and functions. This is also connected to the emerging roles of lipids as signaling molecules –. Lipidomics has standing out as a research area with diverse goals, from mapping the entire spectrum of lipids in organisms to describing the function and metabolism of individual lipids. The importance of modern lipidomics to medicine is critical since alterations of lipid metabolism and membrane functions are associated with various human diseases. Up until the development of modern lipidomic analyses this field of research has developed slowly. The function and organization of lipids in membranes strongly affect cell structure and functions. These results highlight the role of the membrane asset with fatty acid remodeling and suggest the potential of lipid-based strategies for influencing cell response and fate in human diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders or tumours. The simultaneous addition of 50 µM oleic, 50 µM arachidonic and 150 µM palmitic acids to the cell cultures influenced membrane changes with suppression of caspase activation and maintenance of cell viability.

This event was timely correlated with cPLA 2 and caspases activations, and the time window of 60 minutes was envisaged for crucial membrane lipidome changes. Interestingly, under 150 µM supplementation the incorporation of palmitic acid was accompanied by the specific release of arachidonic acid. Parallely, cell viability, morphology, apoptosis, cPLA 2 and caspase activations were checked. NB100 neuroblastoma cells were supplemented with palmitic acid and membrane fatty acids were isolated, derivatized and analysed by gas chromatography at defined time intervals. Palmitic acid is known to be apoptotic for nervous cells but no data are available on membrane lipidome transformations occurring during its supplementation, although membrane lipids are clearly involved in the apoptotic signaling cascade.

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